The Goodwin Sands are infamous for their toll of shipwrecks, about 2,000 in total. Some ships went down with all loss of hands; in the Great Storm of 1703 four ships foundered and 1,200 sailors drowned in one night alone.
The Goodwins are also the maritime military graves of about 80 brave young British, German and Polish pilots who crashed into the area during the fierce fighting of the Battle of Britain in 1940. Their locations are unknown and will most likely have moved from where they crashed or bailed out, as the sands shift regularly each year.
Military air crash sites are protected under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986; however this protection only applies to crash sites where the locations are known. It is illegal to disturb such sites where human remains are likely to be found.
In 2015, Wessex Archaeology, in a case study for Historic England, described the Goodwin Sands as ‘archaeologically extraordinary’ yet disappointingly, neither of these organisations have made a robust case against the proposed dredging in order to save the nation’s heritage.
Current technology does not exist which can reliably detect the presence of military aircraft remains buried beneath the seabed. The Goodwin Sands have a reputation for their high preservation of wrecks as can be seen by the Rooswijk which is currently being excavated having sunk in 1740.
Ironically, shipwrecks are often the only method we have of learning about our maritime past, as those ships that survived were eventually scrapped.
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The Goodwin Sands are one of the most important maritime archaeological areas in English waters. With their wealth of historic wrecks and the potential remains of crashed World War II aircraft it has been suggested that the Goodwins should be treated as a conservation area. Dover Harbour Board’s own Impact Report admits that there is a very high chance of finding nationally important historical and archaeological material in their proposed dredging area. Dover Harbour Board recognises that damage to heritage assets is irreversible and a permanent loss to mankind. The first indication of discovering fragile archaeological material such as wooden shipwrecks, aircraft structures or prehistoric remains will be after they have been destroyed by the dredge head and appeared in broken pieces on board the dredge vessel. Then it is too late and these irreplaceable historic artefacts will have been destroyed for ever. Dover Harbour Board has already decided to source the sand and aggregate for the start of their project from another dredge site in the Thames Estuary. Clearly this new source provides a suitable alternative to using the controversial Goodwin Sands and should be used for the whole project. This marine licence application for dredging the Goodwin Sands should be refused. Joint Nautical Archaeology Policy Committee, August 2017.
Joint Nautical Archaeology Policy Committee
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The British Sub Aqua Club is the Governing Body for the sport of Sub Aqua Diving and Snorkelling in the United Kingdom. As the governing body we do feel that part of our role is to support the protection of our underwater cultural heritage (UCH) whenever we feel it may be threatened.
The dredging proposals for the Goodwin Sands concern us. We recognise that surveys have been done to ensure that no obvious material culture is threatened with catastrophic removal. However, we are mindful that some UCH may well not show up on the surveys currently undertaken. There is also the need to remember that there may well be material down there that we do not know how to see. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.
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Since the sea covered the land bridge to the continent and we became an island seafaring nation, thousands have navigated the channel and through the historic timeline of our naval history both Royal and Merchant, no-one knows the total thousands of seafarers who have been lost on the Goodwin sands. As a seaman and whilst on watch when coming up the channel heading for the Thames estuary one thing stands out on the Admiralty charts, the vast number of wrecks marked on this foreboding area.
Coming into the channel in good clear weather the senses are calm, in fog and a “Southerly blowing” the first haunting sound of the Dover fog horn catches your ears you become wary and conscious of the danger ahead from those days of study.
PJ Washington, MN
Prince of Wales Sea Training School, Dover -
There are few other places I can think of that have so many shipwrecks that have been so well preserved in such a small area as the Goodwin Sands. The heritage that lies buried is hard to detect so we know little of what lies within, but occasionally a sandbank shifts a little and some new historical treasure is revealed. The Goodwins is a special place so please let us keep it that way.
PeterHolt BEng CEng CMarEng MIMarEST MCIfA MHydSoc
3H Consulting Ltd
August 2017Peter Holt BEng CEng CMarEng MIMarEST MCIfA MHydSoc
3H Consulting Ltd -
Dover Harbour Board’s own Impact Report recognises that the potential for the presence of previously unrecorded wrecks on Goodwin Sands is very high and that damage to UCH is irreversible and a permanent loss to mankind. In respect of the historic maritime environment it would be difficult, if not impossible, to contemplate a more inappropriate locality in English waters in which to conduct dredging operations.
The Nautical Archaeological Society
August 2017The Nautical Archaeology Society
Kent Battle of Britain Museum’s list of missing pilots 1940 – Goodwin Sands area
Date | Aircraft | Unit | Details |
---|---|---|---|
27/05/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf110 | 2(F)122 TBC | Crew missing (off Kingsdown/Deal – Goodwin Sands area) |
28/05/1940 | Bristol Blenheim | 235 Squadron | Crew safe |
29/05/1940 | Avro Anson K8771 | 48 Squadron | Crew safe |
29/05/1940 | Bristol Blenheim 1F L9260 | 235 Squadron | Crew safe |
29/05/1940 | Bristol Blenheim IV L9397 | 235 Squadron | Crew killed |
29/05/1940 | Spitfire N3289 | 610 Squadron | Flying Officer Kerr-Wilson, missing |
29/05/1940 | Avro Anson 1 K8773 | 48 Squadron | Crew safe |
31/05/1940 | Spitfire N3274 | 610 Squadron | Flying Officer G L Chambers, missing |
01/06/1940 | Bristol Blenheim ‘A’ | 254 Squadron | Crews missing/killed. One survivor remaining between ‘A’ and ‘O’ below. |
01/06/1940 | Bristol Blenheim ‘O’ | 254 Squadron | Crews missing/killed. One survivor remaining between ‘O’ and ‘A’ above. |
01/06/1940 | Bristol Blenheim NOT KNOWN | 254 Squadron | Crew missing |
02/06/1940 | Bristol Blenheim L9476 | 53 Squadron | Crew safe. Forced landing on Sands |
08/07/1940 | Spitfire K9907 | 65 Squadron | Squadron Leader Desmond Cooke (26009), missing presumed dead. |
09/07/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf 109E | Seenot Fleig Mission | Pilot missing |
09/07/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf 109E | Seenot Fleig Mission | Pilot missing |
20/07/1940 | Hurricane I N2670 | 32 Squadron | Fleet Air Arm Sub Lt. G.G.R. Bulmer, drowned – shot down by a Bf 109 of JG 51 off Dover at 18:00 hrs. |
23/07/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 4(F)122 | Lt Forster and crew missing |
25/07/1940 | Spitfire R6707 | 54 Squadron | Flt. Lt. B.H. “Wonky” Way, presumed drowned. Shot down by Bf109 and crashed into channel. |
28/07/1940 | Spitfire P9547 | 74 Squadron | Pilot Officer J H R Young, killed. Shot down in the Channel off Ramsgate near the Goodwin Sands by a Bf 109, possibly Oberleutnant Muncheberg of III/JG26. |
29/07/1940 | Spitfire N3038 | 41 Squadron | Flying Officer D.R. Gamblen, missing following combat with Ju87s and Bf109s. |
06/08/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf110 | V/LG1 | Crew missing |
12/08/1940 | Hurricane P3803 | 501 Squadron | F/O K. Lukaszewicz (Polish), missing following a combat with enemy fighters west of Ramsgate. |
12/08/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf109E | 111/JG 54 | Gefr Stabwer TBC |
12/08/1940 | 2 x Messerschmitt Bf109E | JG 54 | Both pilots missing (Goodwin Area) |
14/08/1940 | 2 x Messerschmitt Bf109 | 4/JG 52 | Both pilots missing (Deal area) |
15/08/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 6/KG3 | Crew safe |
15/08/1940 | Hurricane I V7410 | 151 Squadron | P/O M Rozwadowski, missing after combat with Bf109s, Deal/Dover area. |
16/08/1940 | Spitfire K9915 | 65 Squadron | P/O Lee L Pyman, shot down and killed at 1730hrs over the Channel near Deal, after combat with Bf 109s that had just attacked RAF Manston. |
22/08/1940 | Spitfire R6708 | 54 Squadron | Sergeant G R Collett, killed after dogfight with enemy fighters off Deal. |
24/08/1940 | Hurricane P3141 | 51 Squadron | Pilot Officer P Zenker (Polish) missing (in area of the Goodwin Sands) after pursuit of enemy aircraft. |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | Stab 11/KG76 | 3 crew missing, 1 killed Uffz Meier, Fw Flessner and Fw Vetter missing |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 5(F)122 | 3 crew missing Lt Hellermann, Lt Hurck |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 4/KG76 | 3 crew missing, 1 killed Uffz Duos, Freimann and Froba |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 4/KG76 | 3 crew missing, 1 killed Lt Grell, Uffz Wetzker and Fw Thomas |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 11/KG76 | 3 crew killed, one missing |
24/08/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 111/KG51 | 1 crew killed, 2 missing, 1 POW |
25/08/1940 | Hurricane P2755 | 32 Squadron | Pilot Officer K R Gillman, missing (North East of Dover) |
26/08/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 7/KG3 | 1 killed, 2 missing, 1 POW, Uffz Ram, Ober Fr Knochenmuss |
26/08/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 7/KG3 | 1 killed, 2 missing, 1 POW, Uffz Reinhard and Uffz Ritzel missing |
28/08/1940 | Spitfire R6751 | 603 Squadron | Flt Lt J L G Cunningham, missing after combat over Dover. |
31/08/1940 | Dornier Do17 w/No 3414 | 5/KG3 | 1 killed, 3 POW |
02/09/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf110 D w/No 3197 | 11/2G2 | 2 crew missing, Uffz Denker and Uffz Krapp. |
07/09/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf110 C-4 w/No. 3570 | 11/2G2 | 1 killed, 1 POW. |
15/09/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 8/KG2 | 1 missing |
15/09/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 5/KG3 | 1 missing |
15/09/1940 | HEINKEL HE111 | 111/KG53 | Crew killed |
15/09/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 5/KG3 | 1 missing |
19/09/1940 | Junkers JU-88A-1 w/No 7058 | 1/KG51 | 2 killed, 2 missing, Fw Walter and Gfr Roeder. |
19/09/1940 | Junkers JU88A-1 | 1/KG51 | Crew missing 3 miles off Deal |
23/09/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf109E w/No. 6304 | 7/JG3 | Uffz K Evsing, POW |
24/09/1940 | Bristol Blenheim 1V T1794 | 139 Squadron | Crew missing, Squadron Leader M G Hendry, Sergeant Arrowsmith and Sergeant Davidson. |
30/09/1940 | Dornier Do172 | 8/KG3 | 5 crew missing. Fw Bauer, Fw Salomo, Fw Schierling, Fw Schonn, Uffz Schroff |
06/10/1940 | Dornier Do172 | KG3? | 4 crew missing (off Kingsdown in Goodwin Sands area) |
10/10/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf109E w/No 4143 | 4/JG53 | Oblt Vogel missing |
11/10/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf109E w/No 6267 | 5/JG27 | Safe |
15/10/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 1/LG1 ? | 4 crew missing (evidence says 3 miles off Kingsdown in area of Goodwin Sands) |
25/10/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 111/KG77 | Crew killed |
25/10/1940 | Junkers JU88A | 111/KG77 | 4 crew missing |
01/11/1940 | Messerschmitt Bf109E | Off Ramsgate/ Goodwin Sands | |
14/11/1940 | Junkers JU87B | 9/STG1 | 1 killed, 1 missing |
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